We have assembled here today in front of our two peoples to declare our intentions to walk together to ensure collective survival from the brutal annexation that have occurred in our home nations, Ayaba said. Nigeria and Cameroon, both critical international partners in U.S. anti-terrorism campaigns and once beacons of economic stability in the region, may be on track to becoming failed states, which would have a devastating regional and global impact. Then RusShow moresia invaded Ukraine, and businesses around the world confronted a decision on whether to pull out of the Russian market. s = b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; [24], Flag of Donga-Mantung. [4] Political exclusion, economic exploitation and cultural assimilation were criticized more and more openly. fbq('track', 'ViewContent'); Golden bird stands for the Value, determination and freedom). Delivered Friday. Red Star stands for Strength, bloodshed, bravery and leadership). The area is covered with dense rain forest. By. Symbolism (Green stands for the Fertility of the land, Growth and prosperity. German explorer Gustav Nachtigal signed key treaties with several prominent kings. In Nigeria, Biafrans battle with the Fulani for ethnic and political supremacy. The states of Ambazonia are further divided into 13 counties[15] (represented by the thirteen stars of the national flag) and 61 districts or local government areas (LGAs). [16], The British Cameroons Administration Ordinance, 1924 divided British Cameroons into the Northern Cameroons (administered as part of Northern Nigeria) and the Southern Cameroons (administered as part of Eastern Nigeria). Ambazonia, officially the Federal Republic of Ambazonia is a secessionist state of Cameroon, self-proclamed in its English-speaking regions. Symbolism (Red stands for the Blood and strength of the people. It is bordered by Cameroon to the east, Nigeria to the west and Bioko island to the south east on the Gulf of Guinea . Email: tapangiv@buffalo.edu Telepon: +14083105204 Situs: ambazoniaradio.org We like to defer to God when there is a problem to solve! Prince Ojong. The referendum was held on 20 May 1972 and in the one-party state, the outcome was never in doubt. The Southern Cameroonians whom I brought into the Union have been ridiculed and referred to as "les Biafrians" (Biafrans), "les enemies dans la maison" (enemies within the house), "les traitres' (traitors), etc., and the constitutional provisions which protected this Southern Cameroonian minority have been suppressed, their voices drowned while the rule of the gun has replaced the dialogue which Southern Cameroonians cherish very much. White stands for Hope, Peace and wisdom under God. n.queue = []; Ambazonia is a country with her own international borders between the Republic of Cameroon, Nigeria and Equatorial Guinea. On 5 January 2018, members of the Ambazonia Interim Government in exile in Abuja, Nigeria, including President Sisiku Julius Ayuk Tabe, were arrested and deported to Cameroon into the custody of government forces to face criminal charges. }(window, document, 'script', In 2016, the Ambazonia movement turned violent when government security forces cracked down on teachers and lawyers protesting the marginalization of Anglophone Cameroonians in a majority Francophone country. Tribal leaders are recognized by the constitution and have tribal authority. After separatists issued a declaration of independence for the state of Ambazonia, police staged a crackdown opposed to secession. One-stop digest of politics, economics, and culture. As the violence intensified, international efforts to resolve the crisis picked up. FPs Winter 2023 print issue brings together 12 experts to help us answer those questions. Major non-ASC groups include the Ambazonia Defence Forces (ADF) and the Southern Cameroons Defence Forces (SOCADEF), which both cooperate with the ASC on some level.[61]. Blue stands for the sky, liberty. Consequently, Biafra and Ambazonia loyalists have found common ground in each others movements. According to John Campbell of the Council on Foreign Relations, separatist sentiment has been growing in Nigeria since Muhammadu Buharis 2015 presidential election. This adds to the volatility engulfing Cameroon as the country gears up for a presidential election in 2018. County-Ministers are responsible for the development of their counties, both socially and economically. Watch FPs Ravi Agrawal in conversation with two of the contributors to the magazines cover story, Anne-Marie Slaughter and retired Gen. David Petraeus, as they reflect on whats surprised themand how to prevent future wars. Bird stands for Freedom, vision and wisdom. Blue stands for Liberty and perseverance. Jonathan Pershing, formerly the Biden administrations No. Boris Pistorius, a longtime politician with little foreign policy experience, will host his counterparts later this week to discuss Ukraine. [5] The violence developed into a guerrilla war, and as of 2021[update], clashes continue, with population centers and strategic locations largely controlled by the government engaged in counterinsurgency actions, with swathes of more remote, rural areas controlled by separatist militias and used to launch guerrilla attacks. The Prefect/ District Officer forms the District Council (Local Government). The Biafra movement is well equipped with weaponry and other defense technology from Nigerias large black market. Blue stands for Liberty and perseverance). German administration was focused on establishing plantations for cash crops, and improving transportation and communication infrastructure to bring products and natural resources swiftly to ports and thence to Europe. [34], Flag of Meme. One critical concession was to require that laws applying to both states could only be adopted by the federal assembly if a majority of deputies in both federated states vote for them. [41] The violence led to additional demonstrations, general strikes (called "lockdowns"), and further crackdowns by the government into early 2017, including the banning of civil society organizations, cutting off phone and internet connections from January to April,[42] and arrests of demonstrators. Symbolism (Green stand for the Land. Ulasan dan daftar putar stasiun Ambazonia National Radio . Star stands for Leadership and prosperity. Relations with the Islamic Republic of Cameroon and the Republic of Cameroon are heated. Tree stands for connection, unity and growth of the people. However, many towns and villages in the hinterlands had no German administration and may have only seen German soldiers a handful of times. The Nigerians have failed to act, the international community has failed to act, so we have no other choice but to get into an alliance that can better our chances to defend ourselves.. Red disk stands for the blood shed by the people for the struggle and courage. Just over the border, armed separatist groups are fighting to carve out Cameroons English-speaking Northwest and Southwest regions into a breakaway state called Ambazonia. [37] At a second All Anglophone Conference held in Bamenda the call for the Cameroon government to accept a return to the two state federation was reiterated with some voices explicitly calling for secession. "They just shot the child, going to school, dressed in. The two also discussed climate cooperation with China, the road to COP28, and much else. It raises the question: How do companies with large global footprints decide which side to pick? [44] At least 17 people were killed in protests following the declaration of independence, while fourteen Cameroonian troops were killed in attacks claimed by the Ambazonia Defence Forces. This February, in an unprecedented surge of attacks, armed Fulani raided 18 villages in Nwa subdivision, killing at least 17 people and displacing 4,200 local residents. Ambazonia News would "thank God" for saving Africa from the worst of the pandemic but that too is one of the biggest weaknesses of the African continent! [35][36], Flag of Kupe-Manenguba. Source link, Your email address will not be published. The name Ambazonia comes from the Ambas Bay. [27] The result was a constitution that provided for a federal structure with two constituent states,[28] East Cameroon (former French Cameroon) and West Cameroon (former Southern Cameroons), but which gave power over most critical issues to the national government (dominated by Francophones). [29], Flag of Momo. Separatist Movements in Nigeria and Camero BUEA, CameroonFor the past five years, factions of a secessionist movement in southeastern Nigeria and a pro-independence movement in western Cameroon have been gathering momentum, mobilizing supporters through social media, and clashing with government security forces in both countries. History. Similar communal violenceoften following farmer-grazer and ethnic lineshas flared across Mali, Niger, Chad, and Burkina Faso. Some speculate that this is the result of a partnership, announced in April, between one of the major Cameroonian secessionist groups, the Ambazonia Governing Council, and the Indigenous People of . Cameroon's Separatist Movement Is Going International - Foreign Policy Ambazonia Military Forces General John, who says he commands thousands of rebel soldiers in Ambazonia, poses with his. Meanwhile, government forces have torched entire villages suspected of harboring separatists, disappeared and executed civilians without due process, and tortured detainees. A bit isolated from the other volcanoes is the Mount Fako (Mount Cameroon) near the very Southern Tip of Ambazonia. It took only a short while, however, for complaints to emerge. Steve Bannons Man in Italy Has Big Plans, The Hidden History of the Worlds Top Offshore Cryptocurrency Tax Haven, Irans Protests Are Nowhere Near Revolutionary. Read more:Cameroon: colonial past and present frictions. fbq('init', '157204581336210'); [51] On 4 February 2018, it was announced that US-based preacher Dr. Samuel Ikome Sako would become the Interim President of the Federal Republic of Ambazonia, temporarily succeeding Ayuk Tabe. Beyond the vast opportunity manifest in African markets, we highlight people who make a difference; leaders turning the tide, youth driving change, and an indefatigable business community. Equatorial State Counties (demonym; Equatorian): County Flag of Fako. In 1990, opposition political parties were legalized and John Ngu Foncha, the leading Anglophone in Cameroon's government, resigned from the governing party and encapsulated much of the dissatisfaction with the central government's attitude toward the Anglophone regions in his public resignation letter: [I]t became clear to me that I had become an irrelevant nuisance that had to be ignored and ridiculed. The scope of the alliance will include joint operations and training bases, Capo Daniel, the deputy defense chief of the Ambazonia Defense Forces, the military wing of the Ambazonia Governing Council, told Foreign Policy. Not included in this total of "countries" and listed separately are: Dependencies (or dependent territories, dependent areas) or Areas of . List of countries (or dependencies) in Africa ranked by population, from the most populated. [9] The name was coined by Fon Gorji Dinka in 1984 as part of a campaign for the restoration of autonomy and preservation of Anglophone institutions in the region.[10]. Ultimately, Biafra surrendered to the federal government, but pro-Biafran and anti-government sentiment remained and has hardened in recent years. Fulani fighters, including some who have crossed the border from Nigeria to Cameroon, have been implicated in some of the conflicts deadliest incidents. Most recently, in early April, armed gunmen attacked a prison in Imo state, situated in the Biafra region, and aided in the escape of nearly 2,000 prisoners. [52] However, despite receiving a life sentence on terrorism charges from a Cameroon court,[53] on 2 May 2019, Ayuk Tabe declared from prison the dissolution of Sako's caretaker cabinet and the restoration of his own cabinet. Placing the blame for Cameroon's underdevelopment and poorly implemented public policies on the federal structure and arguing that managing separate governments in a poor country was too expensive, he announced a referendum on a new constitution, which did away with the federal structure in favor of a unitary state and granted more power to the President. A Biafra-Ambazonia weapons exchange will bolster the Anglophone separatist movement. On April 26, five government security forces were killed in Port Harcourt. For barrister Henry Baaboh, there is no need for a referendum like the ones which were held in Spains Catalan region or the Kurdish territory in Iraq. Olive tree branch stands for Peace and the Hammer stands for Determination of the people). [7] Ongoing violence has led to widely reported human rights abuses by both sides, including indiscriminate killing of civilians, torture, rape and gender-based crimes, and unjustified detentions and kidnappings. The two also discussed climate cooperation with China, the road to COP28, and much else. Other countries outside of the African continent have been involved in cryptocurrency initiatives. [54] Sako resisted, leading to the 2019 Ambazonian leadership crisis. European traders from several nations visited Ambas Bay beginning with the Portuguese in the 1470s. Golden Star stands for Leadership).[32]. Etymology. In 1993, the All Anglophone Conference took place in Buea bringing together all Southern Cameroons citizens who called for the restoration of the federal system. 'https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js'); Golden Star stands for Leadership, unity and prosperity). Yellow/Gold stands for the prosperity. Separatist Movements in Nigeria and Camero Want to read more on this topic or region? The bay which is located in southwestern Cameroon is considered as the boundary between Southern Cameroons and the Republic of Cameroon. It raises the question: How do companies with large global footprints decide which side to pick? Many militias have sought to enforce a total school strike since 2017 due to concerns over the lack of Anglophone teachers and curriculum. !function (f, b, e, v, n, t, s) { Click + to receive email alerts when new stories are published on If independent, Ambazonia would share maritime boundaries with Nigeria , the Republic of Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea . In an open letter to U.S. President Joe Biden, published in local media outlets, the Biafran leader Kanu requested that the U.S. government suspend arms sales to Nigeria, citing human rights abuses and Buharis draconian measures to put down peaceful pro-Biafran protests. Explore the benefits included in your subscription. This African country is the second oldest democracy in Sub-Saharan Africa after Ghana and has access to natural wharfs on her Atlantic shore overlooked by the grandeur of the highest mountain peak in West Africa. Ambazonia, officially the Federal Republic of Ambazonia, also referred to as Amba Land, is an unrecognised breakaway state in West Africa which claims the Northwest Region and Southwest Region of Cameroon, though it currently controls almost none of the claimed territory.No country has formally recognized Ambazonia's independence, and it is currently the site of an armed conflict between . The self-declared state borders Cameroon to the east, Nigeria to the west and north and the Atlantic Ocean to the south. In 2016 and 2017, a widespread protest movement was met with a violent government crackdown, which led to rioting and violence against security forces and, in 2017, a unilateral declaration of independence by Ambazonian leaders. Red stands for the strength of the people. Address: 11207A Lockwood Drive, Silver Spring, MD 20901, Phone Number: (301) 593-4879 Biafrans and Ambazonians are predominantly Christians, while the Fulani are mostly Muslim. Talks have now begun between the government and a key separatist faction headed by imprisoned leader, Sisiku Julius AyukTabe. [4], Each of the three states are entitled to a flag and an, a sign of their importance within the federation and their culture. 'Desertions from army' ), Counties are further divided into 61 districts (LGA) governed by Prefects or District Officers. Orange stands for Courage and sacrifice. In response, armed separatist groupswith substantial funding from Anglophone Cameroonians living abroad, according to a local aid worker who asked to remain anonymousrapidly mobilized against government security forces. Anglophones from Southern Cameroons are calling for an independent and sovereign nation they call Ambazonia. The Sun stands for the Birth of a new day, prosperity. Symbolism (Red stands for the strength and blood of the people. Blue stands for Perseverance and liberty. The top of Mount Cameroon has a polar climate of the tundra variant, unique in West Africa and extremely rare so close to the Equator.[64]. Counties are further divided into Districts (Local Government Areas) governed by a District Officer who is voted into office during State elections. Cameroon's anglophone minority has long complained of discrimination at the hands of the French-speaking majority. Ambazonia, officially the Federal Republic of Ambazonia, also referred to as Amba Land, is an unrecognised breakaway state in West Africa which claims the Northwest Region and Southwest Region of Cameroon, though it currently controls almost none of the claimed territory. The self-declared state borders Cameroon to the east, Nigeria to the west and north and the Atlantic Ocean to the south. [19], Flag of Equatorial State. Watch the full interview for insights on how industry thinks about deglobalization, the U.S.-China rivalry, the war in Ukraine, and much more. 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