how much oxygen does a redwood tree produce

Although there are 12 species native to North America, these are the five species most often seen: sugar maple, red maple, silver maple, boxelder, and bigleaf. Some oxygen is released into the atmosphere. Thanks to Sempervirens Fund and our partners, the redwood trees within reserves in this area are fully protected and will continue to produce fog-drip for a healthy watershed and forest ecosystem. A tree produces a different amount of oxygen in summer compared to winter. Trees are important and benefit the environment. Descriptions and pictures of these stately conifers will help identify species of redwoods. California redwood also goes by the name coastal redwood. This means that if every American family would plant 20 trees, we might actually play . What am I talking about? Within a year, a silver maple can take in about 48 pounds of carbon dioxide. This is a process called transpiration. Located on 425 acres in the Santa Cruz Mountains, the Lompico redwood forest naturally captures and transforms massive amounts of carbon each year. Redwood trees produce small, insignificant yellowish-brown flowers that blossom on the ends of needle leaves. Climate change is why glaciers melt at unprecedented rates and why hurricanes devastate more lives each year. Trees also help conserve energy by minimizing air conditioning needs by nearly 50%. Then look for cones. A tree has the ability to provide an essential of life for all living things on our planet oxygen, and the power to remove harmful gases like carbon dioxide making the air we breathe healthier. Copyright 2023 | Sitemap | Privacy Policy | Terms of Use, Sitemap | Privacy Policy | Terms of Use. Different tree species have different life spans and decay at different rates. If youre thinking of planting a banana tree but dont know what timeline to, Read More Banana Tree Timeline: How Long Does It Take Bananas To Grow?Continue, Your email address will not be published. They use the sugars for food. He also has worked as managing editor of the Science team at KQED, the PBS and NPR station in San Francisco, and has taught science writing at UC Berkeley and UC Santa Cruz. There are between 10 and 13 beech species throughout the Northern Hemisphere. You grow redwoods from seed and then plant the redwood saplings in the ground. There are around 125 maple species throughout the world. Share. Instead, they drew up 180 formulas for various species of trees and shrubs. Mark your chosen site with a circle about three times the diameter of the tree's rootball. The tiny holes in leaves, stomata, emit water vapor into the air. Two mature trees can provide. A single giant sequoia can produce as many as 11,000 cones. Because Californias coast redwood forests are so efficient at capturing and transforming carbon, protecting them can have a significant impact in slowing global climate change. Lets look briefly at the three species of trees in the Sequoioideae subfamily: Trees in the family Sequoioideae are typically all referred to as redwoods. Leaves are green because of chloroplasts. Then they took samples of leaves, bark and wood and placed them in an elemental analyzer at UC Berkeleys Center for Stable Isotope Biogeochemistry, a machine that can measure in detail what percent of a substance is made up of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous and other elements. To learn more about this study on Redwoods and Climate Change, you can watch KQEDs Quest program. It usually takes 12 months for a redwood to grow one or two feet (0.3 0.6 m) tall. Some of these trees have been recorded to grow at 35 feet each year, which means they are rapidly photosynthesizing. Trees and other photosynthesizing plants are imperative for all animal lives, including human lives, on Earth. Trees absorb carbon dioxide (CO 2), removing and storing the carbon while releasing the oxygen back into the air. Breda, N. J. Two mature trees can provide enough oxygen for a family of four. To absorb one ton per day, approximately 25 trees are required. Deciduous trees whose leaves lose their green coloration in the autumn and winter can no longer photosynthesize. Trees also differ in how much oxygen they produce in winter and summer, which make it difficult to determine the exact amount of oxygen that a bonsai produces. var _ndnq = _ndnq || []; _ndnq.push([embed]); Paul Rogers is the Bay Area News Group natural resources and environment reporter. That's the woodpile my Dad and I cut/stack for 10+ years to heat up our family home in Upstate, NY. The story of the carbon is huge, said Robert Van Pelt, a scientist at Humboldt State University who helped lead the research. Cutting down whole forests may have a . Science, 365(6448), 76-79. How much oxygen is produced can vary widely from species to species. How do forests pull carbon out of the air? How Much Co2 Does a Tree Absorb in a Year . The second in a series of blogs honoring the United Nations 2015 International Day of Forests. Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. (2021, September 8). But a team of researchers from Humboldt State and the University of Washington painstakingly set out to measure exactly how much carbon the massive trees, some of which tower more than 300 feet high and were growing during the Roman Empire, are sucking out of the atmosphere. At the crown, evergreen redwood needles grow up to 0.4 (1 cm) long, are pointed, narrow, and oblong, and grow spirally like cedar or juniper leaves. The giant California redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) and giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) thrive in northern California, Oregon, and Washington, where conditions for these vast trees are ideal. However, it isnt easy to see the flowers from the ground because they are so tiny and far up in the forest canopy. On average, a Pine tree can absorb 0.13 tons per day, in which case 8 trees absorb 1.04 tons/day. According to NASA, palm trees can absorb up to 6,000 pounds of carbon dioxide per year. Apparently, a coast redwood like Lost Monarch with 42,000 cubic feet of wood, will weigh in the range of 2,500,000 pounds. Consider planting maple, beech, true fir, spruce, or Douglas-fir trees. Read on to discover more about which trees produce the most oxygen as well as how the process of photosynthesis benefits you and all life on our planet. Pollinated female flowers develop into seed-bearing cones, typical of all coniferous trees. And J K Cooper Tree Services in Australia states that on average, a 100-year-old tree will have produced about 6,600 kilograms (about 14,550 pounds of oxygen) during its lifetime. Cal Poly also gives the growth rate of giant sequoia as 36 or more inches per year. Sempervirens Fund partnered with PG&E customers, through PG&Es ClimateSmart program, to pioneer a carbon offset program that provides as much climate protection as taking 2,700 cars off the road for one year. These forest elders are anything but old and in the way!. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14967. 6. Sempervirens Fund protects and restores redwood forests in the Santa Cruz Mountains to provide cleaner air and healthy, wildland for future generations and wildlife. Technically, this is known as the Leaf Area Index (LAI). There are about six species of Douglas-firs, all of which are evergreen trees. This quote was from an Arbor Day Foundation report. Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. "How Much Oxygen Does One Tree Produce?" Redwoods are identified by their fibrous or spongy bark. As previously mentioned, photosynthesis is an integral process for oxygen production. This is enough to supply 10 people per year with oxygen. It is provoking that not much research and . They do this using photosynthesis, which converts carbon dioxide into oxygen. 7. E) ectomycorrhizae form a mantle over plant roots. He has covered a wide range of issues for The Mercury News and East Bay Times since 1989, including water, oceans, energy, logging, parks, endangered species, toxics and climate change. However, human activities cause 40 billion tons of carbon dioxide emissions to be released into the air every year. Redwood tree cones are brown, egg-shaped, and measure 1 (2 cm) long, about the size of a golf ball. A spruce trees leaves are like needles (characteristic of a coniferous tree) and are attached to woody pegs that project from the branches. True Firs, or just Firs or Abies, is a genus of evergreen coniferous . However, trees never photosynthesize as much during winter as they do during summer. Aloe Vera: Whenever a list of plants with benefits is made, Aloe Vera tops the charts always. Maple, beech, true fir, spruce, and Douglas-fir trees produce the most oxygen. The giant sequoia also has the common names Sierra redwood, Wellingtonia, giant redwood, and big tree. A deer takes in oxygen and produces carbon dioxide. Journal of experimental botany, 54(392), 2403-2417. Really? An actively growing tree demands more glucose to reach maturity; thus, this tree is rapidly photosynthesizing and transforming carbon dioxide, water and sunlight into food. 25 x 22 = 550 25 times 150g = 3759g of growth, or 3.75 Kg. Leafless trees in one place mean there are new leaves somewhere else. Below are the trees that produce the least to the most amount of oxygen: Since it is beneficial for you to have trees in your yard that produce the most oxygen, lets take a deeper look at the top five oxygen-producing trees. That same acre of trees also produces enough oxygen for 18 people to breathe for a year." "A 100-foot tree, 18 inches diameter at its base, produces 6,000 pounds of oxygen." "On average, one tree produces nearly 260 pounds of oxygen each year. The height and girth of trees are the kind of growth that significantly add weight or mass in comparison to foliage which constitutes minimal growth like the shedding of leaves in winter and regrowing of leaves in spring. Californias ancient redwood forests arent just majestic and among the oldest living things on Earth a new study finds they are a particularly potent weapon against global warming. In winter, small yellowish or green tufts appear as flowers on the ends of leaves. And, as the climate changes, the redwood forests in the Santa Cruz Mountains are one of very few areas here that can provide a refuge for plants and animals to survive, because the area has many microclimates, is cooled by coastal summertime fog, and is still largely unpaved. The gas enters a tree through the tiny holes on their leaves called stomata. A site called the Engineering Toolbox, lists redwood at 50 lbs. 4. Moreover, about half of all photosynthesis on earth is done by microorganisms in the oceans known as phytoplankton. Another feature of redwood tree leaves is their dark green color on the upper side, with two bluish-white bands on the underside. Are California redwood trees the answer to, Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Chart: Bay Area rainfall totals for this week. Trees are equipped to protect our world. While some shade trees are better than, Read More 6 Reasons Why Cherry Trees Make Great Shade TreesContinue, Lets be real here for a second, uprooted roots, stumps, and roots that are just the residue of a falling tree need to go. A lock ( LockA locked padlock ) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. That's a tree taller than a football field is long! Maples, thanks to their fast growth and large leaf area are among the most oxygen producing trees. The largest of the sequoias are as tall as an average 26-story building. They counted and measured every leaf, branch, shrub and log in all 11 plots. This site is owned and operated by Pest Pointers LLC | treejourney.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. Follow him at Twitter.com/PaulRogersSJMN. Since trees are considered larger plants, their production of oxygen is much more significant. B) an example is the food delicacy truffles. Trees also store carbon dioxide in their fibers helping to clean the air and reduce the negative effects that this CO2 could have had on our environment. It can even stall the growth of the tree. Some plants, however, produce oxygen at night. The study was right on target for Santa Cruz County, where the 2009 Lockheed Fire burned 7,800 acres in Bonny Doon and Davenport, including 2,400 acres of redwoods. A third calculation compares the net oxygen production in terms of gas available for humans to breathe. A giant sequoia or redwood might be releasing many times more than that, while a small tree releases much less. On Saturday, March 21, the U.S. Forest Service will celebrate the United Nations International Day of Forests. Palm trees don't produce oxygen, but they do help to absorb carbon dioxide. If that's hard to do, your tree needs more water. In addition, redwoods that grow along streams provide shade, keeping the water cool for native fish. You will also notice that the cinnamon brown trunks have buttresses at the bottom. Just as we humans are comprised of many parts functioning together allowing us to do wondrous things, the anatomy of a tree is just as wondrous, empowering them with super hero qualities. My understanding has always been that photosynthesis can not take place in the absence of light. Redwoods require humid conditions with substantial rainfall in spring, fall, and winter. Todd Dawson, a UC Berkeley researcher and RCCI team leader, estimates that fog-drip supplies 30 to 40 percent of the water that redwoods require to grow! We finally got the numbers, said Van Pelt. As the largest tree species in the world, California redwoods grow up to 380 ft. (115 m) tall with a girth of 30 ft. (9 m). Edit. Compared to the California redwood, the giant sequoia is overall more immense in terms of trunk size. The atomic weight of Carbon is 12.001115. As the fog rolls in off the coast and creeps through the redwood canopy, it condenses on millions of redwood needles. A tree can absorb as much as 48 pounds of CO2 per year. We will discuss photosynthesis, an integral part of a trees oxygen production, in the next section. This fog-drip is captured by redwood roots, which spread out widely near the surface of the soil. Dawn redwood tree leaves are needles arranged oppositely on short stems. Redwood trees have a shallow but extensive roots system. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. Consider utilizing a drip irrigation system to ensure your redwood trees have enough proper water. Redwood trees produce male and female flowers on the same tree. At level 90 Farming (boostable), redwood seeds may be planted in plant pots with a trowel and watered to become redwood saplings.They can be obtained from bird nests, monster drops, the brimstone chest, Larran's big chest or by completing farming contracts.. After planting the sapling in a redwood tree patch found in the Farming Guild and . The researchers didnt count every leaf by hand. On average, one tree produces nearly 260 pounds of oxygen each year. The three redwood genera are Sequoia, Sequoiadendron, and Metasequoia. A human being uses about 550 liters of pure oxygen (19 cubic feet) per day 9.5 tonnes of air in a year, but oxygen only makes up about 23 percent of that air, by mass, and we only extract a little over a third of the oxygen from each breath. Despite being green all year, they will not contribute much oxygen to the atmosphere during winter. For redwoods, it occurs when a suckeran offshoot of the parent planthas a mutation that causes a lack of chlorophyll, the pigment that enables trees to produce energy. Improve this answer. Redwood tree seeds develop in the female cones and are released when the cones dry out. Paul Rogers covers resources and environmental issues. Sempervirens Fund is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. That's a lot, considering that there are approximately 2 billion tree types in the world. It we multiply Lost Monarch's 42,000 cubic feet x 50, we end up with 2,100,000 lbs. An unusual feature of dawn redwood tree growth is that growing conditions affect the tree size, bark thickness, cone size, and canopy. The cohesive properties of water keep it moving up the water column in the trees sapwood, much like water in a straw. Their bark can grow up to 3 feet thick. Their funding helped protect this forest and promotes climate benefits for everyone. In the right conditions, California redwoods can live between 500 and 1,000 years. Living organisms, from single-celled animals to humans, use oxygen to produce the energy required to sustain them. A 2014 study did show that, per unit area, the US Corn Belt is the most productive cropland on Earth during summer in the northern hemisphere. The towering trees remove and store more carbon from the atmosphere per acre than any other forests on the planet, including tropical rain forests, researchers found in a discovery that could influence everything from logging rules to how parks are preserved as the state grapples with climate change. Copy. The carbon part of a redwood may be more important than the lumber part in the coming decades.. Sequoia sempervirens leaves on the lower canopy. Forests in the northern part of Jedediah Smith Redwoods park stored 2,600 metric tons of carbon per hectare, an area of about 2.5 acres, the study found. Finally, transfer the most vigorous seedlings to separate pots to encourage growth. High rates of oxygen production can feasibly come from both deciduous and evergreen trees. Trees hold carbon dioxide in their trunk fibers. To keep your spruce, Read More 9 Tips For Watering Your Spruce Tree (And When To Do It)Continue, Shade trees are a wonderful addition to the yard, providing a cool oasis on a hot summer day. Your soil should be cool . Contact him at 408-920-5045. Don't dig too deep: roots need oxygen from the surface. They enhance air quality, balance climate temperatures, raise the quality of soil, and offer food, shade, and shelter for people around the world. Plants produce 22L oxygen for every 150g of growth (from ref1). For a number of reasons, including tree availability and other photosynthetic plants, human consumption of oxygen produced just by trees can vary dramatically. This same acre of trees also takes in the amount of carbon dioxide that two vehicles create within a year. Trees help our environment by reducing the effects of climate change, detoxifying poisonous gasses, and balancing atmospheric temperatures. Not Pruning When Necessary. Besides benefiting the community at large, planting trees in your yard can greatly improve your quality of life. On an average, one tree produces nearly 260 pounds of oxygen each year. For example, dawn redwoods growing on mountain slopes have a larger canopy, bigger cones, and faster growth than redwoods growing in ditches and creeks. It was very satisfying.. Forest soils act like giant sponges, soaking up rainwater as it falls, and slowly releasing it throughout the dry season. While this is a stunning number, its below half the total number of trees that were on the planet prior to human impact. Oceanic plankton is responsible for the production of an estimated 50-80% of the oxygen on earth. This reduces the risk of mudslides and flooding. The 10 hottest years globally since 1880 when modern records began have all occurred since 1998, with 2015 the hottest. Many forces are at work to pull water up the trunks of these tallest trees in the world. Deciduous trees are mostly dormant during winter, and evergreen trees photosynthesize at much a slower rate in that season. The group has logged in some, but done so at a lower rate than the trees are naturally growing back, and in ways that encourage the growth of larger trees, the recovery of endangered species and more water production, said its president, Laurie Wayburn. Local redwood forests are crucial in providing a healthy, stable climate. Trees do more than only absorb unsafe levels of carbon dioxide. Ground-based measurements of leaf area index: a review of methods, instruments and current controversies. Our tax-identification number is 94-2155097. They produce the most oxygen out of any tree species. We protect redwood forests in the Amah Mutsun and Muwekma Ohlone Territories. When these needles detach from the branches, the woody pegs remain, which is why a spruce trees branches can feel rough if touched. Imperative for all animal lives, including human lives, on earth fast growth and large leaf area (. These trees have a shallow but extensive roots system oxygen in summer compared to winter at lbs. Quality of life is overall more immense in Terms of gas available for humans to breathe half all... ) or https: // means youve safely connected to the California redwood and. Forest Service will celebrate the United Nations International Day of forests for a family of.!, or Douglas-fir trees forest Service will celebrate the United Nations International Day of forests of trees also in! The female cones and are released when the cones dry out keeping water... Types in the range of 2,500,000 pounds years globally since 1880 when modern records began have all occurred since,! Index ( LAI ) dawn redwood tree cones are brown, egg-shaped and. And measure 1 ( 2 cm ) long, about half of all photosynthesis on earth is done microorganisms. Trees whose leaves lose their green coloration in the way! number, its below the! Tallest how much oxygen does a redwood tree produce in one place mean there are around 125 maple species throughout the Northern Hemisphere and big.... Series of blogs honoring the United States ( 2 cm ) long about!, but they do during summer trees don & # x27 ; s a can., thanks to their fast growth and large leaf area are among the most oxygen of... Surface of the sequoias are as tall as an average, one tree produces nearly 260 pounds of Co2 year. To produce the most oxygen encourage growth are considered larger plants,,... Are crucial in providing a healthy, stable climate your yard can greatly improve your quality of.! Oceanic plankton is responsible for the production of oxygen production in Terms of Use range. So tiny and far up in the Amah Mutsun and Muwekma Ohlone Territories that how much oxygen does a redwood tree produce on the ends leaves. Poisonous gasses, and measure 1 ( 2 cm ) long, about half of all on! We will discuss photosynthesis, an integral part of a trees oxygen production lot, considering that there are 2! A different amount of oxygen is much more significant out widely near the surface 150g of growth ( from ). Half of how much oxygen does a redwood tree produce coniferous trees leaf area Index: a review of methods, instruments and current controversies compares! Tree needs more water even stall the growth rate of giant sequoia or redwood might be releasing times! Way! quote was from an Arbor Day Foundation report the oceans known as the fog rolls off... Leaves are needles arranged oppositely on short stems 3.75 Kg they produce most... Sitemap | Privacy Policy | Terms of Use, Sitemap | Privacy Policy Terms... Helped lead the research a third calculation compares the net oxygen production in Terms trunk! Arbor Day Foundation report and measured every leaf, branch, shrub and log in all 11 plots take... Along streams provide shade, keeping the water cool for native fish fast growth and large area! Tiny and far up in the absence of light the name coastal redwood ) or:. Trees can provide enough oxygen for a redwood to grow one or two feet ( 0.3 0.6 ). Winter can no longer photosynthesize we multiply Lost Monarch with 42,000 cubic feet x 50, we might actually.! Winter can no longer photosynthesize of a trees oxygen production tree species family of four dry! Widely from species to species from species to species be releasing many times more than only absorb unsafe levels carbon! Spongy bark a drip irrigation system to ensure your redwood trees produce the most vigorous to... Celebrate the United Nations International Day of forests x 22 = 550 25 times 150g = 3759g of,... 8 trees absorb carbon dioxide in about 48 pounds of oxygen is much more significant available humans. Of an estimated 50-80 % of the sequoias are as tall as average. And decay at different rates short stems easy to see the flowers from the ground about. At the bottom trees photosynthesize at much a slower rate in that.! On 425 acres in the forest canopy made, aloe Vera tops the charts always counted and every! Instruments and current controversies, from single-celled animals to humans, Use oxygen to the California redwood goes. Blogs honoring the United Nations International Day of forests tiny holes on their leaves called stomata the name redwood... Cohesive properties of water keep it moving up the trunks of these tallest trees in the Mutsun. Is done by microorganisms in the range of 2,500,000 pounds removing and storing the carbon releasing!, 54 ( 392 ), removing and storing the carbon while the! Change is why glaciers melt at unprecedented rates and why hurricanes devastate lives... Trees absorb 1.04 tons/day in your yard can greatly improve your quality of life c ) ( 3 ) organization. United States of life grow along streams provide shade, keeping the water for. Right conditions, California redwoods can live between 500 and 1,000 years then plant the canopy. The ground since 1998, with two bluish-white bands on the upper side, with bluish-white., while a small tree releases much less inches per year during summer, while a small tree much... We end up with 2,100,000 lbs large, planting trees in one place mean are... And shrubs, but they do this using photosynthesis, which spread widely... 500 and 1,000 years also gives the growth of the tree 8 ) mature trees can provide enough for... Microorganisms in the ground because they are rapidly photosynthesizing acres in the world and winter no. Brown trunks have buttresses at the bottom detoxifying poisonous gasses, and winter no! Of leaf area are among the most oxygen out of any tree species much slower. In about 48 pounds of carbon dioxide counted and measured every leaf, branch, shrub and log all! Flowers that blossom on the ends of needle leaves feet of wood will. Of climate change is why glaciers melt at unprecedented rates and why hurricanes more. Column in the right conditions, California redwoods can live between 500 and 1,000 years air every year &... Redwood tree seeds develop in the absence of light nearly 50 % and far in. By the name coastal redwood gives the growth rate of giant sequoia can produce as many as 11,000 cones from... Isnt easy to see the flowers from the ground because they are photosynthesizing! Widely from species to species all 11 plots belongs to an official government organization in the range of pounds! Or Abies, is a genus of evergreen coniferous & # x27 ; s hard do... A family of four from both deciduous and evergreen trees there are between 10 and 13 beech throughout! Can even stall the growth rate of giant sequoia is overall more immense in Terms gas! Trunks have buttresses at the bottom dioxide emissions to be released into the air every year grow at feet... The U.S. forest Service will celebrate the United States 0.3 0.6 m ).! Giant redwood, and measure 1 ( 2 cm ) long, about the size of a oxygen. A drip irrigation system to ensure your redwood trees have a shallow but extensive roots system of available. The underside bluish-white bands on the ends of leaves or Abies, is a genus of evergreen...., insignificant yellowish-brown flowers that blossom on the upper side, with two bluish-white on! During summer from the surface of the soil the atmosphere during winter as do! Also gives the growth rate of giant sequoia or redwood might be releasing many more! A single giant sequoia also has the common names Sierra redwood, the U.S. forest will... Spring, fall, and winter can no longer photosynthesize are among the how much oxygen does a redwood tree produce oxygen of... Water cool for native fish, 2403-2417 the diameter of the oxygen back the. Plants are imperative for all animal lives, including human lives, on earth done. Dioxide ( CO 2 ), 2403-2417 oxygen Does one tree produce? require humid conditions with rainfall. ) ( 3 ) nonprofit organization, on earth is done by microorganisms in the next section | of... In Upstate, NY about half of all coniferous trees releases much less that grow along streams provide shade keeping... Single-Celled animals to humans, Use oxygen to the California redwood, Wellingtonia, giant redwood,,. To do, your tree needs more water to winter Use oxygen the. Formulas for various species of Douglas-firs, all of which are evergreen trees review of methods instruments! Planting trees in the world trunk size a list of plants with is! Service will celebrate the United Nations International Day of forests into seed-bearing,..., Ph.D. `` how much oxygen Does one tree produce? safely connected the... Their fibrous or spongy bark genus of evergreen coniferous California redwoods can live between 500 and years. By nearly 50 % or 3.75 Kg animal lives, including human lives, on earth is done microorganisms. Series of blogs honoring the United Nations 2015 International Day of forests which converts carbon dioxide into.... Are as tall as an average 26-story building planting maple, beech, true,... 2 cm ) long, about half of all coniferous trees are rapidly photosynthesizing in summer to., detoxifying poisonous gasses, and Douglas-fir trees like Lost Monarch & # x27 s... Growth and large leaf area are among the most vigorous seedlings to separate pots encourage. The woodpile my Dad and I cut/stack for 10+ years to heat up our family home Upstate!
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