Bedford died during the congress of Arras in 1435, just as Burgundy was preparing to abandon the English cause and conclude a separate peace with Charles VII of France. http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm#John%20PLANTAGENET%20 [S2] Peter W. Hammond, editor, The Complete Peerage or a History of the House of Lords and All its Members From the Earliest Times, Volume XIV: Addenda & Corrigenda (Stroud, Gloucestershire, U.K.: Sutton Publishing, 1998), page 79. He was able to capture the city of Harfleur and went on to secure one of the greatest English victories of the Hundred Years' War, at the Battle of Agincourt in October 1415. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the arms of the kingdom, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France.[4]. Bedford achieved a significant victory in 1424 at Verneuil against a large French and Scottish force. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the Royal arms of his father King Henry IV, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France. Despite his military and administrative . Two months after the death of Henry V, Charles VI passed away. Bedford had been Governor in Normandy between 14221432[1][2] where the University of Caen was founded under his auspices. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: 410 478 pixels. He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. Commons is a freely licensed media file repository. 29 p. 427-435. Johns second wife was the seventeen year old Jacquetta of Luxembourg, daughter of Peter I, Count of Saint-Pol. [S20] Magna Carta Ancestry: A study in Colonial and Medieval Families, Richardson, Douglas, (Kimball G. Everingham, editor. When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. This may be a pun on the German Tier, i.e., beast, or on (English) tears or 'tiers' of meaning, including tierce, referring to himself as third in line to his father's throne and by now rightful king but for the baby Henry VI. After the Percies (the family that had played the biggest role in putting Henry on the throne) unsuccessfully rebelled against the king in 1403, John, along with many others, shared in the spoils they left behind and considerably increased his wealth. Medieval Family History Unit, (Manuscript. He was able to defend himself successfully, but, by 1432, he was in decline. John's first marriage was to Anne, daughter of John the Fearless on 14 June 1423, at Troyes. John died in 1435 during the Congress of Arras at his Castle of Joyeux Repos in Rouen and was buried at Rouen Cathedral, near Henry the Young King. Historically, John was only fourteen at the time of the battle, but, considering that boys were put into battle at relatively young ages, it is possible that he may have at least been on the battlefield. Morton, 1914), FHL book Folio 942.9 D2gr; FHL microfilm 468,334., p. I. Geni requires JavaScript! Since the conditions of the Treaty of Troyes in 1420 had specified that Henry V would become King of France following the death of the French King Charles VI, it became clear that an infant would now be king of two kingdoms very soon. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. 11 T 26. While negotiating the Treaty of Arras, he died at his home and was buried at Rouen Cathedral. Husband of Anne de Burgundy and Jacquetta of Luxembourg, Countess Rivers Chipps Smith, Jeffrey (1984). Bedford was a capable administrator and soldier, and his effective management of the war brought the English to the height of their power in France. Learn how your comment data is processed. ; Richard of Bedford and Mary of Bedford Salt Lake City, Utah : Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1996), FHL film 1553977-1553985.. [S81] #125 The Royal Daughters of England and Their Representatives (1910-1911), Lane, Henry Murray, (2 voulmes. 1726. As Regent of France, he returns to his area of responsibility in an attempt to subdue the rebellions there. Between 1403 and 1405 grants of the forfeited lands from the House of Percy and of the alien priory of Ogbourne, Wiltshire, considerably increased his income. Religion Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. In 1416, Henry placed John in command of a fleet taking supplies to Harfleur, which overcame a fleet of the Franco-Genoese navy. definition - John_of_Lancaster,_1st_Duke_of_Bedford. After Joan was captured by Burgundian troops at Compiegne and then transferred to the English, Bedford had her put on trial by clergy who are listed in English government records and described by eyewitnesses as pro-English collaborators. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license: Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents. John de Teye Via Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_Fitzalan%2C_Countess_of_Hereford#/media/File:Psalter_of_Mary_de_Bohun_and_Henry_Bolingbroke_1380-85_Abigail.jpg Public Domain, Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford or John of Lancaster (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) of the House of Lancaster An English nobleman of the House of Lancaster was the third son of Henry IV of England and Mary of Beauchamp, brother of Henry V of England and uncle of Henry VI of England. Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]), William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, http://www.hostkingdom.net/Languedoil.html#Normandy, http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm#John%20PLANTAGENET%20(1%BA%20D.%20Bedford), Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (left). He was brought up in highly eloquent fashion like his other brothers and was well educated. In Tony Milne's play "Bloody Bedford", he is the protagonist, facing Joan of Arc. The three most important surviving manuscripts of his are the Bedford Hours (British Library Add MS 18850) and the Salisbury Breviary (Paris BnF Ms Lat. He became 3d marquess of Dorset on his father's death (1530), and in 1534 he married Frances,, A line of Catholic earls and dukes whose peerage dates back to the 11th century, when Ralph, a staller or constable of the court of Edward the Confes, Suffolk, Charles Brandon, 1st duke of (14841545). Partner of NN NN, Mistress or Mistresses He married Anne of Burgundy (1404-1432) 1423 JL in Amiens. Encyclopedia.com. Bedford was declared Regent but focused on the ongoing war in France, while during his absence, Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England. This marriage was also childless, although Jacquetta went on to have more than a dozen children in her second marriage to Richard Woodville (later Earl Rivers). 2 p. 63-64. Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Lancaster (= 20). He was forced to raise the siege of Orleans in 1429 on account of the peasant girl. Military Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. She was burned for witchcraft in 1431 the French king who owed her his crown didnt lift a finger to help her. After he secured a peace treaty, the port city of Berwick remained in English hands and likewise many other towns and cities such as Roxburgh. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (miniature from Bedford Hours) Born 20 June 1389 Died 14 September 1435 (aged 46) Castle of 'Joyeux Repos', Rouen: Burial Rouen Cathedral, Normandy: Spouse Anne of Burgundy m. 1423; dec. 1432 Jacquetta of Luxembourg m. 1433; wid. He is better known in history as the First Duke of Bedford. Bedford defeated the French several times, notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. [3], John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg.[4]. The first and second creations came in 1414 and 1433 respectively, in favour of Henry IV's third son, John, [clarification needed] who later served as regent of France. He took the reigns of power for his brother three times in total. edit descriptions of this character John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford's photo gallery He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1, and Henry IV, Part 2, as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1, as the Duke of Bedford. Elizabeth Woodville's right to inherit these armorial supporters would seem dubious if they belonged to her mother's first husband or to his first wife. He married Jacquette de Luxembourg (c1415-1472) 1433 JL This may be a pun on the German Tier, i.e., beast, or on (English) tears or 'tiers' of meaning, including tierce, referring to himself as third in line to his father's throne and by now rightful king but for the baby Henry VI. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the Royal arms of his father King Henry IV, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. Bedford appears as a man who is completely loyal to his brother in Henry V and is a main figure in the government of his nephew Henry VI. He became the guardian of Henry's infant son Henry VI and became regent on his behalf. Bedford had been Governor in Normandy between 1422-1432,[1][2] where the University of Caen was founded under his auspices. Bedford was declared regent, but concentrated on the ongoing war in France, while Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England during his absence. 1389-1435. As Regent of France, Bedford had the huge responsibility of not only keeping and maintaining the territories that his brother had conquered, but expanding English interests in France. Bedford was not as capable as his eldest brother Henry, but he was certainly an excellent commander and politician. About John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford "John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI." Yolande of Aragon (11 August 1384 14 November 1442) was Queen of Aragon and Naples, Duchess of Anjou and Countess of Provence. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. In addition, out of wedlock he had a daughter named Mary, who married Pierre de Montferrand (d. 1454), son of the lord of Langoiran, Soudan de la Trau, and had issue; and a son, Richard. In, Norfolk, Thomas Mowbray, 1st duke of (136699). Encyclopedia.com. Reprint, Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1993), FHL book 920.042 D561n., vol. However, difficulties mounted after the arrival of Joan of Arc, and his efforts were further thwarted by political divisions at home and the wavering of England's key ally, Duke Philip of Burgundy and his faction, the Burgundians. 2nd edition, 2011), vol. The Duke of Bedford spent time governing from Rouen in Normandy and carried out the English establishment of control and command of the English military in France. (Incidentally, Coco Chanel was born in Saumur.). Relevance. "Joan of Arc By Herself and Her Witnesses", pp. [S98] #18 Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der europischen Staaten (1953-1978), Isenburg, Wilhelm Karl , Prinz von and Frank Baron von Freytag-Loringhoven, (5 volumes. The shield is surrounded by a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). 9 volumes. London: Scott, Clevelands, Walthamstow, 1876), FHL book Q 929.242 Sco84sk., p. 170. Johns time in France had been successful the French might not have been his greatest admirers given his severe administration techniques- until about 1427 at which point a quiet country girl with a dodgy hair cut, a large sword and angels telling her what to do rather rained on his parade. Much of the period of Henry VIs minority is filled with the political machinations of John and Humphrey who was created Duke of Gloucester and Earl of Pembroke. He had no legitimate surviving issue. The three most important surviving manuscripts of his are the Bedford Hours (British Library Ms Add 18850) and the Salisbury Breviary (Paris BnF Ms Lat. The country was uniting behind their king and English allies in France were gradually deserting the English cause. He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1 and Henry IV, Part 2 as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1 as Duke of Bedford. It is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black. Attending the funeral of the French king would be the first duty for Bedford under his new appointment as Regent of France. This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons. Yolande retired to Saumur in Anjou, the site of a famous shrine to the Breton saint Aubin. Brenda Honeyman's novel Brother Bedford covers his life from Henry V's death to his own. . Johns eldest brother was Henry of Monmouth who went on to become King Henry V after a dissolute youth causing his father Henry IV despair (refer to Shakespeare Henry IV Part One and Part Two for a full litany of drinking, gambling and womanising along with princely reformation). Appears in: Henry IV, Part 1; Henry IV, Part 2; Henry V; Henry VI, Part 1. Humphrey Gloucester, duke of, 13911447, English nobleman; youngest son of Henry IV and Mary de Bohun. That year Bolingbroke, with help from the nobility, was able to gather supporters and deposed Richard II, who later died of starvation either by his own will or by force. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Families. While he was in France his duties in . It is unlikely anyone else put in his station could have done any better. In the Philippa Gregory novel, "Lady of the Rivers" John features as the first husband of main character, Jacquetta of Luxembourg. Duke of Bedford. In the 2011 Philippa Gregory novel, The Lady of the Rivers, John features in a minor role as the first husband of its main character Jacquetta of Luxembourg. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. [5] She was executed at Rouen on 30 May 1431. The following pages on the English Wikipedia use this file (pages on other projects are not listed): (SVG file, nominally 410 478 pixels, file size: 806 KB). ." All are lavishly decorated and famous examples of the style of the period. Artist unknown. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. Paris: Schlessinger frres, 1863-1877), FHL microfilms 661873-661882., p. 834. He married Anne de Bourgogne duchesse de Bedford on 14 June 1423, in Troyes, Aube, Champagne-Ardenne, France. Between 1403 and 1405, grants of the forfeited lands from the House of Percy and of the alien priory of Ogbourne, Wiltshire, considerably increased his income. John of Lancaster was born in Rouen, Normandy on 20 June 1389, the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England and Mary de Bohun. John of Lancaster, First Duke of Bedford. Medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. 1 p. 240, vol. Henry IVs second son was called Thomas but he was killed in 1421 at the Battle of Bauge in France. Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. Mowbray was created earl of Nottingham on succeeding to his elder brother's lands in 1383, and receiv, John of Lignres, or Johannes de Lineriis, https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bedford-john-lancaster-duke. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford synonyms, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford pronunciation, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford translation, English dictionary definition of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. Bedford defeated the French several times, notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, cousin to the Emperor (the King of Hungary), was mother to Elizabeth Woodville who may be this queen. His mother died when he was just five. In 1431, Bedford had Joan tried and executed at Rouen, then arranged a coronation for the young Henry VI at Paris. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. It is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. His father, Henry Bolingbroke, was exiled in 1399 by his cousin, Richard II, when his father participated in the revolt of the Lords Appellant in 1388, the year before his birth. 25447, fol. His birthplace is unknown but some historians speculate that he was born in Kenilworth Castle, Warwickshire. John's eldest sibling was Henry of Monmouth, later King of England as Henry V. John's other siblings were Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence; Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester; Philippa; and Blanche. The English continued to suffer major losses in the following years and Bedford quarreled insecently with both his brother Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, and his Uncle Beaufort, Cardinal of Winchester in defending his losses in France. The king renewed the Hundred Years War with France in 1415 and Bedford played a large part in the proceedings in support of his brother. Only loud protests caused the ungrateful Charles VII to give Jean a decent burial instead of a paupers grave. The Oxford Companion to British History. 16567. JOHN CANNON "Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation, and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. The third son of King Henry IV, John was created duke of Bedford by his brother Henry V in 1414. He was well educated and had a great interest, Henry Grey Suffolk, duke of, d. 1554, English nobleman. John, as well as being a soldier and a politician, was also a scholar. Elizabeth Woodville suggested amendments to one of Anthonys books and may have also been a patron of Caxtons. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the arms of the kingdom, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France.[6]. 2. The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his wife, Anne, daughter of John the Fearless of Burgundy. In 1562, his grave was destroyed by Calvinists. He was a grandson of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, a son of King Edward III. However it fell to John to continue the English campaign in France despite the fact that he had been named Regent. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, cousin to the Emperor (the King of Hungary), was mother to Elizabeth Woodville who may be this queen. Welcome back. Georgette Heyer's novel My Lord John deals with his life from when he was four to about twenty. When the French King was unable to raise an army, Jean spent his wealth to raise one for him. 17294), both made in Paris, and the Bedford Psalter and Hours of about 142023, which is English (British Library Add MS 42131). ", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John,_Duke_of_Bedford, http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=93572472. In the Bedford Book of Hours [7] these arms are shown supported by an eagle collared with a crown and a sable yale all on a gold field sewn with gold uprooted tree-stumps. 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