[244], Tennessee is divided into 95 counties, each of which has a county seat. [216] Its major tributaries include the Clinch, Little Tennessee, Hiwassee, Sequatchie, Elk, Beech, Buffalo, Duck, and Big Sandy rivers. Several annual music festivals take place throughout the state, the largest of which are the Beale Street Music Festival in Memphis, the CMA Music Festival in Nashville, Bonnaroo in Manchester, and Riverbend in Chattanooga. Tennessee has a total of 976 miles (1,571km) of navigable waterways, the 11th highest in the nation. [220] All three of these basins are tributaries of the Ohio River watershed. I-24 is an eastwest interstate that enters the state in Clarksville, passes through Nashville, and terminates in Chattanooga. The state had two previous constitutions. [132] In 1897, Tennessee celebrated its statehood centennial one year late with the Tennessee Centennial and International Exposition in Nashville. [141] In 1925, John T. Scopes, a high school teacher in Dayton, was tried and convicted for teaching evolution in violation of the state's recently passed Butler Act. The median household income was $54,833. The most pleasant months of the year for Tennessee are May, September and October. [317] Nuclear power is Tennessee's largest source of electricity generation, producing about 43.4% of its power in 2021. [423], During Reconstruction, freedmen and former free blacks were granted the right to vote; most joined the Republican Party. [290] Cash receipts for crops and livestock have an estimated annual value of $3.5 billion, and the agriculture sector has an estimated annual impact of $81 billion on the state's economy. About 59.7% of the electricity generated in Tennessee produces no greenhouse gas emissions. [59] These settlers constructed Fort Nashborough, which they named for Francis Nash, a brigadier general of the Continental Army. [146] As part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal, the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) was created in 1933 to provide electricity, jobs, flood control, improved waterway navigation, agricultural development, and economic modernization to the Tennessee River Valley. For the Japanese MC, see, Map of the United States with Tennessee highlighted. Black bears are found in the Blue Ridge Mountains and on the Cumberland Plateau. [10], Tennessee is rooted in the Watauga Association, a 1772 frontier pact generally regarded as the first constitutional government west of the Appalachian Mountains. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin are not distinguished between total and partial ancestry. [90] A strong abolition movement developed in East Tennessee, beginning as early as 1797, and in 1819, Elihu Embree of Jonesborough began publishing the Manumission Intelligencier (later The Emancipator), the nation's first exclusively anti-slavery newspaper. [421] Tennessee's 1st and 2nd congressional districts, based in the Tri-Cities and Knoxville, respectively, are among the few historically Republican districts in the South. [391], The Constitution of Tennessee was adopted in 1870. [110] The capture of Chattanooga allowed Sherman to launch the Atlanta campaign from the city in May 1864. First census allowing respondents to select more than one race, worst maritime disaster in American history, Tennessee Centennial and International Exposition, Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, striking African American sanitation workers, Citizens to Preserve Overton Park v. Volpe, largest industrial waste spill in United States history, one of the nation's most religious states, National Association of Free Will Baptists, List of Tennessee locations by per capita income, List of power stations operated by the Tennessee Valley Authority, Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park, Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area, Overmountain Victory National Historic Trail, Manhattan Project National Historical Park, National Museum of African American Music, List of colleges and universities in Tennessee, historically Black colleges and universities, chief justice and four associate justices, Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, United States congressional delegations from Tennessee, "Tennessee adopts 'The Volunteer State' as official nickname", "Nashville overtakes Memphis as Tennessee's largest city", "Elevations and Distances in the United States", "City and Town Population Totals: 20102019", "Why Tennessee is Called the Volunteer State", "IUPAC Announces the Names of the Elements 113, 115, 117, and 118", "Tennessee's Name Dates Back To 1567 Spanish Explorer Captain Juan Pardo", "Who Were the Mysterious Yuchi of Tennessee and the Southeast? Get It Now Start Planning Tap Add to Trip on anything you like. [355] The Rockabilly Hall of Fame, an online site recognizing the development of rockabilly, is also based in Nashville. [348], Tennessee is perhaps best known culturally for its musical heritage and contributions to the development of many forms of popular music. [205] The Eastern Highland Rim is characterized by relatively level plains dotted by rolling hills, and the Western Highland Rim and western Nashville Basin are covered with uneven rounded knobs with steep ravines separated by meandering streams. Get It Now Start Planning Tap Add to Trip on anything you like. It is tied with Missouri as the state bordering the most other states. Hodges. [232] Middle Tennessee is home to many unusual and rare ecosystems known as cedar glades, which occur in areas with shallow limestone bedrock that is largely barren of overlying soil and contain many endemic plant species. [29] They forced the Creek, Yuchi, and Shawnee out of the state in the early 18th century. The average combined rate is about 9.5%, the nation's highest average sales tax. [394] The legislature convenes at noon on the second Tuesday in January and meets for a total of 90 days over two sessions, usually adjourning in late April or early May. The most pleasant months of the year for Tennessee are May, September and October. The Bulldogs jumped out to a fast start and were clearly motivated after getting shell-shocked by Tennessee a few games ago. Discover the best road trip destinations, new places to eat and more in your free printed guide or e-guide. [434], Beginning in the early 21st century, Tennessee transitioned into a solid Republican state, primarily due to rural white voters who have rejected the increasing liberalism of the Democratic Party. [302] Two other automakers have assembly plants in Tennessee: General Motors in Spring Hill and Volkswagen in Chattanooga. The Bulldogs jumped out to a fast start and were clearly motivated after getting shell-shocked by Tennessee a few games ago. Department of Revenue David Gerregano, Commissioner 500 Deaderick Street Nashville, TN 37242 Department Contact Information [84] The Cherokee moved their capital from Georgia to the Red Clay Council Grounds in southeastern Tennessee in 1832, due to new laws forcing them from their previous capital at New Echota. [12] Tennessee was initially part of North Carolina, and later the Southwest Territory, before its admission to the Union as the 16th state on June 1, 1796. [432] The Republican Southern strategy did not have as much of an effect in Tennessee as in most Southern states, but the elections of Winfield Dunn as governor and Bill Brock to the U.S. Senate in 1970 further helped make the GOP competitive among Whites in statewide elections. Senator from Tennessee since Reconstruction. [234] The state ranks second in the nation for the diversity of its freshwater fish species. Study finds more people moved to Tennessee in 2020", "More people moved to Tennessee, Texas, and Florida than any other states in 2020, according to data from U-Haul see the full ranking", "Selected Characteristics of the Foreign-born Population by Period of Entry into the United States", "Public Chapter 1101 The Tennessee Growth Policy Act", Tennessee Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations, "Race and Ethnicity in the United States: 2010 Census and 2020 Census", "Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States", "Population of Tennessee: Census 2010 and 2000 Interactive Map, Demographics, Statistics, Quick Facts", "The Association of Religion Data Archives | State Membership Report", "Church of God International Offices marks 50 years at Keith and 25th location", "Remarriage Issue Gives Denomination an Identity Crisis", "National Association of Free Will Baptists (NAFWB)", "Not New York: Book Business & Publishers in Nashville", "Union membership drops in Tennessee as legislature considers putting right to work laws in state constitution", "Tax policy: States with the highest and lowest taxes", "There are 9 US states with no income tax, but 2 of them still tax investment earnings", "Tennessee on its way to becoming a bona fide no-income-tax state in 2021", "What are the state and local sales tax rates in Tennessee? [454] Tennessee has three minor league soccer teams. Under Brownlow's administration from 1865 to 1869, the legislature allowed African American men to vote, disenfranchised former Confederates, and took action against the Ku Klux Klan, which was founded in December 1865 in Pulaski as a vigilante group to advance former Confederates' interests. [291][290] Soybeans and corn are the state's first and second-most common crops, respectively,[16] and are most heavily grown in West and Middle Tennessee, especially the northwestern corner of the state. [221], Tennessee is within a temperate deciduous forest biome commonly known as the Eastern Deciduous Forest. [313][154] The technology sector is also a rapidly growing industry in Middle Tennessee, particularly in the Nashville metropolitan area. In 2016, the element tennessine was named for the state, largely in recognition of the roles played by Oak Ridge, Vanderbilt University, and the University of Tennessee in its discovery. WebThe state of Tennessee is a place in the southeastern United States. [417] Tennessee does not require voters to declare a party affiliation when registering. [369] Nashville is often called the "Athens of the South" due to its many colleges and universities. WebFind information motor vehicle registration in Tennessee. [290] Beef cattle is the state's largest agricultural commodity, followed by broilers and poultry. [162][163] TVA's construction of the Tellico Dam in Loudon County became the subject of national controversy in the 1970s when the endangered snail darter fish was reported to be affected by the project. Discover the best road trip destinations, new places to eat and more in your free printed guide or e-guide. The most pleasant months of the year for Tennessee are May, September and October. [219], About half the state's land area is in the Tennessee Valley drainage basin of the Tennessee River. [411], The Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians is Tennessee's only federally recognized Native American tribe. [282] It is one of nine states that do not have a general income tax; the sales tax is the primary means of funding the government. It is located in the upper South of the eastern United States and became the 16th state of the union in 1796. Covering an area of 109,247 sq. The current governor is Bill Lee, a Republican. The University of Tennessee system operates four primary campuses in Knoxville, Chattanooga, Martin, and Pulaski; a Health Sciences Center in Memphis; and an aerospace research facility in Tullahoma. [421] This division was related to the state's pattern of Unionist and Confederate loyalism during the Civil War. This was aided in part by massive federal investment in the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) and the city of Oak Ridge, which was established during World War II to house the Manhattan Project's uranium enrichment facilities for the construction of the world's first atomic bombs. [11] Its name derives from "Tanasi", a Cherokee town in the eastern part of the state that existed before the first European American settlement. The Chattanooga Mocs and Johnson City's East Tennessee State Buccaneers are full members, including football, of the Southern Conference. [239], While Tennessee is far enough from the coast to avoid any direct impact from a hurricane, its location makes it susceptible to the remnants of tropical cyclones, which weaken over land and can cause significant rainfall. [228] Tennessee is home to 340 species of birds, 325 freshwater fish species, 89 mammals, 77 amphibians, and 61 reptiles. [66] Administration of the territory was divided between the Washington District and the Mero District, the latter of which consisted of the Cumberland Association and was named for Spanish territorial governor Esteban Rodrguez Mir. Find out more [212] It ends at steep loess bluffs overlooking the Mississippi embayment, the westernmost physiographic division of Tennessee, which is part of the larger Mississippi Alluvial Plain. Democratic strength is largely concentrated in Nashville, Memphis, and parts of Knoxville, Chattanooga, and Clarksville. [257][258] In 2019, about 5.5% of Tennessee's population was foreign-born. [19][20][21] The modern spelling, Tennessee, is attributed to Governor James Glen of South Carolina, who used this spelling in his official correspondence during the 1750s. Archaeological excavations indicate that the lower Tennessee Valley was heavily populated by Ice Age hunter-gatherers, and Middle Tennessee is believed to have been rich with game animals such as mastodons. [70] The full legislature convened on August 25, 1794. These served to disenfranchise most African Americans, and their power in state and local politics was markedly reduced. [347] The Tennessee State Museum in Nashville chronicles the state's history and culture. [459] Nashville is also home to the Belmont Bruins, members of the Ohio Valley Conference (OVC) but moving to the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC) in July 2022; Tennessee State Tigers, OVC members with no plans to change conferences; and the Lipscomb Bisons, members of the ASUN Conference. [94] Tennessee provided more Union troops than any other Confederate state, and the second-highest number of Confederate troops, behind Virginia. [249] Its 13-county metropolitan area has been the state's largest since the early 1990s and is one of the nation's fastest-growing metropolitan areas, with about 2 million residents. After the war, the Oak Ridge National Laboratory became a key center of scientific research. [412], Tennessee's politics are currently dominated by the Republican Party. [329] Tennessee was also a top producer of phosphate until the early 1990s. [89] Entrepreneurs such as Montgomery Bell used slaves in the production of iron in the Western Highland Rim, and slaves also cultivated such crops as tobacco and corn throughout the Highland Rim. The Tennessee Walking Horse, first bred in the region in the late 18th century, is one of the world's most recognized horse breeds. In a northsouth orientation, from west to east, are interstates 55, which serves Memphis; 65, which passes through Nashville; 75, which serves Chattanooga and Knoxville; and 81, which begins east of Knoxville, and serves Bristol to the northeast. The TBI is the primary state-level criminal investigative department. [54] Later that year, Daniel Boone, under Henderson's employment, blazed a trail from Fort Chiswell in Virginia through the Cumberland Gap, which became part of the Wilderness Road, a major thoroughfare into Tennessee and Kentucky. [4] Between 2010 and 2019, the state received a natural increase of 143,253 (744,274 births minus 601,021 deaths), and an increase from net migration of 338,428 people into the state. [47] But migration across the mountains continued, and the first permanent European settlers began arriving in northeastern Tennessee in the late 1760s. [400] No more than two justices can be from the same Grand Division. [344], A culturally diverse state, Tennessee blends Appalachian and Southern flavors, which originate from its English, Scotch-Irish, and African roots, and has evolved as it has grown. To pay off debts and alleviate overcrowded prisons, the state turned to convict leasing, providing prisoners to mining companies as strikebreakers, which was protested by miners forced to compete with the system. It is under the jurisdiction of the Department of Safety. [292][293] Tennessee ranks seventh in the nation in cotton production, most of which is grown in the fertile soils of central West Tennessee. In the southeast U.S. region that includes Tennessee, the Kraken strain is the second-most prevalent strain, making up about 31% of all cases, CDC data show. In Tennessee, there are 4 comfortable months with high temperatures in the range of 70-85. [343] Many reservoirs created by TVA dams have also generated water-based tourist attractions. The Tennessee River begins at the juncture of the Holston and French Broad rivers in Knoxville, flows southwest to Chattanooga, and exits into Alabama before reemerging in the western part of the state and flowing north into Kentucky. [322], Tennessee has very little petroleum and natural gas reserves, but is home to one oil refinery, in Memphis. WebGet Your Free 2022 Tennessee Vacation Guide Get the latest on all of the music experiences and attractions across the state. The geography of Tennessee is unique. [120] Because Tennessee had ratified the Fourteenth Amendment before its readmission to the Union, it was the only former secessionist state that did not have a military governor during Reconstruction. The University of Tennessee is comprised of the statewide Institute of Agriculture and Institute for Public Service Institute of Agriculture The UT Institute of Agriculture delivers real life solutions through $54.5 million in research, educational outreach to 3.3 million people and veterinary services to more than 21,000 animals annually. [200] This landform is part of the larger Appalachian Plateau and consists mostly of flat-topped tablelands. [100] In the fall of 1861, Unionist guerrillas in East Tennessee burned bridges and attacked Confederate sympathizers, leading the Confederacy to invoke martial law in parts of the region. WebMap of the United States with Tennessee highlighted Country United States Before statehood Southwest Territory Admitted to the Union June 1, 1796; 226 years ago (June 1, 1796)(16th) Capital (and largest city) Nashville[2] Largest metroand urbanareas Nashville Government Governor Bill Lee(R) Lieutenant Governor Randy McNally(R) Legislature [231] Some of the last remaining large American chestnut trees grow in the Nashville Basin and are being used to help breed blight-resistant trees. The Highland Rim is Tennessee's largest geographic region, and is often split into eastern and western halves. [359], The state enrolls approximately 1 million K12 students in 137 districts. [114] Andrew Johnson declared all slaves in Tennessee free on October 24, 1864. [160][161] The construction of Interstate 40 through Memphis became a national talking point on the issue of eminent domain and grassroots lobbying when the Tennessee Department of Transportation (TDOT) attempted to construct the highway through the city's Overton Park. [458], The state is home to 12 NCAA Division I programs. [389] BNSF operates a major intermodal facility in Memphis. [259] The foreign-born population consisted of approximately 49.9% from Latin America, 27.1% from Asia, 11.9% from Europe, 7.7% from Africa, 2.7% from Northern America, and 0.6% from Oceania. Find out more A small plane crashed Tuesday while approaching a Texas airport, killing four members of a Tennessee church and leaving the lead pastor injured, authorities and the church said. [271], Tennessee is included in most definitions of the Bible Belt, and is ranked as one of the nation's most religious states. Nashville is the state's capital and largest city, and anchors its largest metropolitan area. [357] The state Board of Education has 11 members: one from each Congressional district, a student member, and the executive director of the Tennessee Higher Education Commission (THEC), who serves as ex-officio nonvoting member. [118] Johnson became vice president when Lincoln was reelected, and president after Lincoln's assassination in May 1865. WebGet Your Free 2022 Tennessee Vacation Guide Get the latest on all of the music experiences and attractions across the state. TDEC enforces state environmental laws and regulations. [259] About 13.6% percent of the population was below the poverty line. Who has the largest auto factory in the U.S.? [13] A slave state until the American Civil War, Tennessee was politically divided, with its western and middle parts supporting the Confederacy and the eastern region harboring pro-Union sentiment. About 81% of the population identifies as Christian, with Protestants making up 73% of the population. Along with projectile points common for this period, archaeologists in Williamson County have uncovered a 12,000-year-old mastodon skeleton with cut marks typical of prehistoric hunters.. 1 thing for teams, and Mississippi State had plenty. [15] Tennessee has also played a major role in the development of many forms of popular music, including country, blues, rock and roll, soul, and gospel. [2] It is in Shelby County, Tennessee's largest county in both population and land area. The Blue Ridge Mountains along the eastern border reach some of the highest elevations in eastern North America, and the Cumberland Plateau contains many scenic valleys and waterfalls.
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